Equipment from Individual Diet, Department away from Dining Research and you may Human Nutrients, Agricultural University out-of Athens, 75 Iera Odos St., Athens 11855, Greece; E-Mails: (O.Meters.); (V.B.); (An effective.Z.)
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Abstract
All drinks hydrate and most also provide nutrients and energy. Our objective was to evaluate the contribution of drinks to total energy intake in summer and winter. Data were obtained using the Water Balance Questionnaire (WBQ) from a sample of the general population in Athens, Greece (n = 984), 473 individuals (42 ± 18 years) in summer and 511 individuals (38 ± 20 years) in winter stratified by sex and age. The WBQ embeds a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire of 58 foods and the Short International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data were analyzed for the contribution of drinks to total energy intake. In winter, total energy intake was 2082 ± 892 kcal/day; energy intake from drinks was 479 ± 286 kcal/day and energy expenditure 1860 ± 390 kcal/day. In summer, total energy intake was 1890 ± 894 kcal/day, energy intake from drinks 492 ± 499 kcal/day and energy expenditure 1830 ± 491 kcal/day. Energy intake from drinks in summer was higher than in winter (p < 0.001)> Keywords: water balance questionnaire WBQ, winter, summer, hydration, sugar-sweetened drinks, drink
1. Addition
Beverages on the types of beverage, coffee, dairy, liquid, soft drinks, diet beverages, energy beverages and you may alcohol are available in an enormous and you can broadening quantity of solutions. Variety suits style preferences, health conditions, and you may lifetime demands, while a number of beverages arrive, it is more likely to arrive at euhydration .
Drinks lead around twenty-five%–50% of water intake [2,step three,4], therefore he is essential appointment daily h2o demands and achieving euhydration. Moisture might have been of repairs regarding typical real and you may intellectual properties .
But not, it’s been debated that drinks contribute rather to your increasing carrying excess fat cost around the globe [6,7], simply because of the times stuff [8,nine,10]. In a number of studies, Sugar Sweetened Drinks (SSB) use might have been associated with gaining weight in children and you may people , while you are proof one coming down SSBs have a tendency to reduce steadily the threat of carrying excess fat and you will relevant illness such diabetes has been seen because persuasive . Energy intake out-of products has grown dramatically over the past forty ages of the whenever 222 calorie consumption per individual every day .
Nevertheless, beverages about various kinds do not lead equally to help you time consumption . The energy stuff of your own drink along with application patterns may suggest if not, i.age., certain caloric beverages could be consumed hardly ergo contributing hardly any to day-after-day opportunity consumption. It has been contended you to replacement sweetened caloric beverages that have water can help treat full opportunity intake into the overweight consumers . Nonetheless, consumption of sweetened evlilik için güzel İrlanda kadın bulmak caloric beverages is an elaborate matter that can be considered not in the caloric contribution plus in this new framework from dietary habits .
More over, in addition to dinner usage, some factors particularly seasonality, exercise account and you will sex can affect the fresh new diversity into the drink options and you may sum so you can total energy consumption. These types of items haven’t been completely investigated; then knowledge of this type have a tendency to clarify the current case of times intake off dieting source and regarding beverages in particular.
In an earlier data presented during the Greece, making use of the Drinking water Balance Survey (WBQ) unit, we found that for the 984 people, 24% out of water intake arises from beverages . There is an unequivocal need to further tricky throughout these results, elucidating brand new share away from beverages so you can total time intake and you may balance.